Arrays

• Definition: An array is a fixed-size, contiguous collection of elements of the same type.
• Characteristics:
  • Size is fixed at the time of declaration and cannot be changed.
  • Arrays are value types. When you assign an array to another array, it copies the entire array.
  • Accessing elements is done via zero-based indexing: arr[0], arr[1], etc.
• Example
  • Initialise an empty array
  • Iterate over an array to find the sum of elements inside
  • Create a 2-D array

Slices

• Definition: A slice is a flexible, dynamically-sized abstraction over an array. Slices provide a way to work with subsets of arrays.
• Syntax: You can create a slice from an array or directly using a slice literal:
• Characteristics:
  • Slices are reference types, meaning they reference an underlying array. When you pass a slice to a function, you’re passing a reference, not a copy of the data.
  • A slice has three components: a pointer to the array, a length, and a capacity.
  • You can append elements to a slice using the built-in append function, which may allocate a new underlying array if the capacity is exceeded.
• Example
  • Create an empty string slice
  • Create and initialize a string slice
  • Initialize without default value (make)
  • Copy by reference
  • Copy by value

Maps

Maps in Go are built-in data types that associate keys with values, similar to dictionaries or hash tables in other programming languages. They are unordered collections that allow you to store and retrieve data efficiently.

• Create a map
• Create and initialize a map
• Delete a key
• Check if a key exists